Mi nombre es Diana Mariel Ruiz Amaya estoy estudiando en la prepa Cetmar #14 de Puerto Peñasco , Sonora. Estoy en la tecnologia refrigeracion y climatizacion mi maestro es el lic. Martin Alfredo Jimenez Becerra y veremos los temas como plomeria , electricidad , ciclos de refrigeracion , soldadura autogena ,etc.
jueves, 10 de mayo de 2012
martes, 1 de mayo de 2012
CODIGO DE COLORES DE LOS REFRIGERANTES
Los colores de los tanques de refrigerantes le serán de particular utilidad
para detectar SAO, ya que los contenedores de todos los refrigerantes comunes,
incluidas las sustancias agotadoras de la capa de ozono, tienen códigos de color
asignados por el Instituto de Aire Acondicionado y Refrigeración
(Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Institute, ARI) de Estados Unidos.
El siguiente cuadro contiene una lista de todas las SAO y mezclas de SAO con
código de color. Están incluidos, cuando procede, los refrigerantes que no son
SAO y comparten los mismos códigos de color que las SAO.
The colors of the refrigerant tanks will be particularly useful to detect SAO, all common refrigerant containers, including substances that Deplete the ozone layer, have color codes assigned by the Institute of air conditioning and cooling (Air conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI) of United States. The following table contains a list of all ODS and mixtures of ODS with color code. They are included, when appropriate, the refrigerant that aren't SAO and share the same color as the SAO codes.
NOTA: Los CFCs son los que le hacen daño a la capa de ozono.
Note: CFCs are those that harm the ozone layer.
TIPOS DE COMPRESORES
Compresor Hermetico
Hermetic Compressors
Los compresores herméticos para refrigeración doméstica (refrigeradores, acondicionadores, congeladores), pero también bombas de calor, son producidos en líneas automáticas caracterizadas por elevadas cadencias. Los productos que deben ser verificados son colocados en pallets mediante transportadores veloces; las máquinas de verificación tienen cámaras totalmente automáticas, tanto para el proceso de prueba como para la movilización de las piezas.
Hermetic compressors for domestic refrigeration (refrigerators, air conditioners, freezers), but also heat pumps, are produced in automatic lines characterized by high cadences. Products that must be verified are placed on pallets by means of fast-moving conveyors; verification machines are fully automatic cameras, both for the testing process and the mobilization of the pieces.
Compresor Rotativo
Rotary Compressor
Los compresores rotativos pueden tener dos mecanismos de acción, con paletas o de excéntrica, también llamados de rodillo. En los compresores de paletas y de rodillo, la compresión se produce por la disminución del volumen resultante entre la carcasa y el elemento rotativo, cuyo eje no coincide con el eje de la carcasa (ejes excéntricos). En estos compresores rotativos no son obligatorias válvulas de admisión, ya que como el gas entra de forma incesante en el compresor la pulsación de gas es mínima.
Rotary compressors can have two mechanisms of action, with paddles or eccentric, also called roller. In the pallet and roller compressors, compression occurs by the decrease in the resulting volume between the casing and the rotating element, whose axis does not coincide with the axis of the casing (eccentric axes). These rotating compressors are not mandatory intake valves, because as gas enters incessant compressor sides form the pulsation of gas is minimal.
Rotary compressors can have two mechanisms of action, with paddles or eccentric, also called roller. In the pallet and roller compressors, compression occurs by the decrease in the resulting volume between the casing and the rotating element, whose axis does not coincide with the axis of the casing (eccentric axes). These rotating compressors are not mandatory intake valves, because as gas enters incessant compressor sides form the pulsation of gas is minimal.
Compresor Semihermetico
Semihermetic Compressor
Compresor semihermético, en el que el motor se encuentra fuera del flujo del gas de aspiración. El motor es refrigerado mediante ventiladores extemos y flujo de aire definido, gracias a ellos, en la parte de la compresión también se produce un nivel de temperatura relativamente bajo.
Se alcanza un máximo de seguridad incluso si a pesar de la segura protección, el motor se Ilegara a quemar, se impediría la contaminación, del circuito de frío gracias a un sistema de seguridad que lleva instalado.
Semi-hermetic compressor, in which engine is out of the suction gas flow. The motor is cooled by fans extremes and air flow defined, thanks to them, in the part of the compression also produces a relatively low temperature. Reaches a maximum of security even if despite the safe protection, the engine can get to burn, prevent pollution, the cool circuit thanks to a system of security that has been installed.
APARATOS PARA MEDIR
Fig.1
Esto es un ejemplo de diferentes formas de medir la temperatura.
This is an example of different ways of measuring the temperature.
Fig.2
La figura 2 en un eemplo deun multimetro. Se le da el nombre multimetro por que mides voltios, amperios y ohmnios.
Figure 2 is an example of a multimeter. The name multimeter by which you measure volts, amps and ohmnios.
Fig.3
Esto es un juego de manometros, estos miden la alta y baja presion.
This is a set of manometers, these measure high and low pressure.
SEGURIDAD INDUSTRIAL E HIGIENE
La importancia de la seguridad industrial e higiene en el trabajo, radica en su capacidad lo possibles impactos negativos en la salud del trabajador cuando el realize una determinada tarea.
The importance of industrial safety and hygiene at work, lies in its ability as possible negative impacts on the health of the worker when the realize a certain job.
These are some things that are very important to use when you are welding ....
The importance of industrial safety and hygiene at work, lies in its ability as possible negative impacts on the health of the worker when the realize a certain job.
These are some things that are very important to use when you are welding ....
SOLDADURA AUTOGENA
SOLDADURA
AUTOGENA Y OXICIACETILENICA
Este es el método de fusión de tuberías
de cobre de un sistema de refrigeración o aire acondicionado en la cual se
utiliza el acetileno y el oxigeno para crear uniones fuertes, precisas y más
limpias.
WELDING AUTOGENA and OXICIACETILENICA
This is the method of fusion of pipes of
copper of a refrigeration or air conditioning system which uses the acetylene
and oxygen to create precise, strong unions and cleaner.
LA BREVE
HISTORIA DE LA REFRIGERACION
La refrigeración
contribuye a elevar el nivel de vida a las personas de todos los países. Los avances
realizados en la refrigeración en años recientes son el resultado de una labor
de conjunto, en la cual los técnicos, el personal relacionado, los ingenieros,
científicos y otras personas, han aportado sus habilidades y conocimientos,
este conocimiento. Se aplica al campo de la refrigeración por quienes diseñan,
fabrican y instalan y mantienen el equipo de refrigeración. El ejemplo más común
y el que se reconoce fácilmente es en la conservación de los alimentos. Por lo
tanto, la refrigeración se ha hecho una convivencia indispensable en la vida
moderna.
La historia
del hielo data de épocas tan remotas come los registros históricos. Si bien el
hombre de las cavernas de la edad de la
piedra supo lo que era el hielo, no tenía idea sobre el uso del mismo para
conservar lo alimentos. Miles de años después, los chinos aprendieron que el
hielo mejoraba el sabor de las bebidas.
Entonces,
cortaron el hielo en el invierno, lo empacaban paja y broza y lo vendían durante
el verano. Los antiguos egipcios encontraron que podían enfriar el agua depositándola
en cantaros porosos colocados sobre los techos de las viviendas a la apuesta
del sol.
Los griegos
y los romanos transportaban nieve de las cumbres de montañas hasta unos fosos cónicos
que cubrían con paja con ramas y después cubrían con techo de paja.
Algunos
de los primeros experimentos registrados sobre la preservación de los alimentos
se remontan hasta mil seiscientos veintiséis cuando Francis Bacon intento
conservar un pollo rellenado con nieve.
Los científicos
estudiaron estos microbios y encontraron que tenían lugar su rápido multiplicación
en condiciones de calor de humedad, como las que proporcionan los materiales
alimenticios.
En contraste
a temperatura de 50° F (10°C) o menores los mismos
tipos demicrobios no se multiplican en absoluto. Por medio de estos estudios científicos
se hizo evidente que los alimentos frescos podrían preservar con seguridad a
temperaturas de 10°C o menos. Como había pocos conocimientos
sobre la manera de producir temperaturas suficientemente bajas desde sus
fuentes naturales a bordo de embarcaciones hasta los principales ciudades del
mundo.
THE brief history of the REFRIGERACION
La refrigeration contributes to raising the standard of living people of all countries. The progress made in the cooling in recent years are the result of a work as a whole, in which technicians, related staff, engineers, scientists and others, have contributed their skills and knowledge, this knowledge. It applies to the field of refrigeration by those who design, manufacture and install and maintain refrigeration equipment. The most common example which is easily recognized is in the preservation of food. Therefore, the cooling has become indispensable in modern life coexistence.The history of the ice dates from very ancient times eat historical records. While the man in the caves of the stone age knew what was the ice, had no idea about the use of the same to preserve the food. Thousands of years later, the Chinese learned that ice improved the flavor of the beverage.Then, they cut the ice in the winter, empacaban it, straw and broza and sold it during the summer. The ancient Egyptians found that they could cool the water depositing in cantaros porous placed on the roofs of the houses to the bet of the Sun.The Greeks and the Romans transported snow from the peaks of mountains to a conical pits covered with straw with branches and then covered with thatched roof. Some of the first experiments registered on the preservation of foodstuffs back to thousand six hundred twenty when Francis Bacon try to keep a chicken filled with snow.The scientists studied these microbes and found that their rapid multiplication took place in conditions of heat from humidity, such as those providing food materials.In contrast to temperature of 50 ° F (10 ° C) or less the same types demicrobios not multiply at all. Through these scientific studies it became clear that fresh food could preserve safely at temperatures of 10 ° C or less. As had little knowledge about how to produce temperatures sufficiently low from their natural sources on Board of boats to the major cities of the world.
La refrigeration contributes to raising the standard of living people of all countries. The progress made in the cooling in recent years are the result of a work as a whole, in which technicians, related staff, engineers, scientists and others, have contributed their skills and knowledge, this knowledge. It applies to the field of refrigeration by those who design, manufacture and install and maintain refrigeration equipment. The most common example which is easily recognized is in the preservation of food. Therefore, the cooling has become indispensable in modern life coexistence.The history of the ice dates from very ancient times eat historical records. While the man in the caves of the stone age knew what was the ice, had no idea about the use of the same to preserve the food. Thousands of years later, the Chinese learned that ice improved the flavor of the beverage.Then, they cut the ice in the winter, empacaban it, straw and broza and sold it during the summer. The ancient Egyptians found that they could cool the water depositing in cantaros porous placed on the roofs of the houses to the bet of the Sun.The Greeks and the Romans transported snow from the peaks of mountains to a conical pits covered with straw with branches and then covered with thatched roof. Some of the first experiments registered on the preservation of foodstuffs back to thousand six hundred twenty when Francis Bacon try to keep a chicken filled with snow.The scientists studied these microbes and found that their rapid multiplication took place in conditions of heat from humidity, such as those providing food materials.In contrast to temperature of 50 ° F (10 ° C) or less the same types demicrobios not multiply at all. Through these scientific studies it became clear that fresh food could preserve safely at temperatures of 10 ° C or less. As had little knowledge about how to produce temperatures sufficiently low from their natural sources on Board of boats to the major cities of the world.
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